Future Promise As Present Fact Conflation
This trap appears as a wrong-answer choice in 1 active question. Spotting how it is built is the repair: read each example's “why it's attractive” before the “why it's wrong.”
Subject distribution
- CRIMINAL1
Example wrong choices
18156_orchard-harvest-false-pretenses · CRIMINAL · Choice AYes, because by accepting payment, Stephen implicitly represented that he currently intended to perform.
Why it's attractive
Needs Gold Key to defeat: the argument that accepting payment = implicit representation of current intent to perform sounds like a present fact. Without the anchor, this survives.
Why it's wrong
Needs Gold Key to defeat: the argument that accepting payment = implicit representation of current intent to perform sounds like a present fact. Without the anchor, this survives.
18156_orchard-harvest-false-pretenses · CRIMINAL · Choice BNo, because Naomi should have demanded a written agreement or references before paying cash.
Why it's attractive
Criminal liability is not reduced by victim carelessness. This choice answers 'should Naomi have been more careful?' not 'is Stephen guilty?'
Why it's wrong
Criminal liability is not reduced by victim carelessness. This choice answers 'should Naomi have been more careful?' not 'is Stephen guilty?'
18156_orchard-harvest-false-pretenses · CRIMINAL · Choice CYes, because Stephen made a representation he knew was false at the time he made it.
Why it's attractive
True that false pretenses requires knowing falsity, but C omits the additional present-fact element. A half-truth: meets one prong, ignores the other.
Why it's wrong
True that false pretenses requires knowing falsity, but C omits the additional present-fact element. A half-truth: meets one prong, ignores the other.
Practice the questions that use this trap as a distractor and get full Wrong Answer Forensics on submit.
Practice questions using this trap →